Preface Chapter Ⅰ Background Ⅰ.The Great Achievements in the Fight against Poverty Ⅱ.Why Need to Consolidate and Expand the Achievements in PovertyAlleviation Ⅲ.Effects of Consolidating and Expanding the Achievements in PovertyAlleviation Chapter Ⅱ Institutional System of Consolidating and Expanding the Achievements in Poverty Alleviation Ⅰ.Consolidate the Primary Responsibilities of County-Level CPC Committee and Government for Impoverished Counties Ⅱ.Improve the Continuous Monitoring and Assistance Mechanisms Ⅲ.Keep Policies, Investment and Employment Stable Ⅳ.Take Advantages of the Institutional Arrangements and Gather a Wide Range of Forces Chapter Ⅲ Practices and Cases for Consolidating and Expanding the Achievements in Poverty Alleviation Ⅰ.Firmly Grasp Rural Industries and Employment Ⅱ.Strength the Ability of the Impoverished Population Ⅲ.Develop the New Rural Collective Economy Ⅳ.Develop County Economy Chapter Ⅳ Alligning Efforts to Consolidate the Results of the Battle against Poverty with Rural Revitalization Ⅰ.Historical Shift of the Focus of 「Agriculture, Rural Areas and Farmers」 Ⅱ.Promoting Rural Industry Development Ⅲ.Promoting Rural Construction Ⅳ.Improving Rural Governance Chapter Ⅴ Main Experience and Enlightenment Ⅰ.Main Experience Ⅱ.The Enlightenment