作者介紹
(美)希勒//保羅
Dr. Richard Paul was a leading proponent of critical thinking until his death in August of 2015, and in his work and legacy, Paul remains an international authority on critical thinking. He founded the Center for Critical Thinking at Sonoma State University in 1980, followed by the Foundation for Critical Thinking. In his lifetime, he developed concepts, principles, and theory essential to a robust and fairminded conception of critical thinking; he worked tenaciously to advance ethical, or strong-sense,critical thinking throughout education and society. In his lifetime, Paul authored more than 200 articles and seven books on critical thinking. He presented workshops to hundreds of thousands of educators over his 35-year history as a primary leader in the critical thinking movement.
目錄
Introduction
I) During Lectures Ask the Class Questions to Arouse Curiosity
2) Use Study Questions
3) Give a Five-Minute Quiz at the Start of Each Class
4) Use Charts
5) Teach the Principles of Critical Thinking Along with the Subject Matter
6) Get Students to Know Each Other
7) Put Students' Names on Index Cards and Call on All Students, Not Just Volunteers
8) Promote Independent Thinking
9) Promote Careful Listening
I0) Speak Less So That Students Think More
11) Be a Model
12) Use Socratic Questioning
13) Promote Collaboration
14) Try Pyramid Teaching
15) Have Students Do Pre-writing
16) Give Written Assignments That Require Independent Thought
17) Have Students Evaluate Each Other's Work
18) Use Learning Logs
19) Organize Debates
20) Have Students Write Constructive Dialogues
21) Have Students Explain Their Current Assignment and Its Purpose
22) Promote Student Direction
23) Have Students Document Their Progress
24) Break Projects Down
25) Promote Discovery
26) Promote Self-Assessment
27) Teach for Usefulness
Summary
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