目錄
Unit I Introduction: Style and Stylistics
1. Style
1.1 Etymology
1.2 Controversy over the definition of style
1.3 Kinds of style
2. Stylistics
2.1 Objectives
2.2 Scope
2.3 Related linguistic knowledge
Exercises
Further Reading
Unit II Stylistics: Traditional vs Cognitive
1. Developments in Stylistics
1.1 Foregrounding
1.2 Jakobson's "poetic function"
1.3 Summary
2. Cognitive Stylistics
2.1 Cognitive models in and for stylistic analysis
2.2 Metaphor and metonymy
2.3 Developments in cognitive stylistics
2.4 Styles of metaphor
Further Reading
Unit III Linguistic Description and Procedure of Stylistic Analysis
1. Linguistic Description and Stylistic Analysis
2. Stylistics and Levels of Language
3. Textual Analysis
4. Contextual Factors Analysis
Exercises
Further Reading
Unit IV Stylistic Functions of Linguistic Items (I, II)
1. Phonetic/Phonological Level (mainly concerned with the sound system of the English language)
1.1 Segmental features
1.2 Suprasegmental features
2. Graphetic/Graphological Level
3. Sample Analysis
Exercises
Further Reading
Unit V Stylistic Functions of Linguistic Items (III, IV, V)
1. Lexical Level
1.1 Small plain words vs. big learned words
1.2 General common words vs. specific technical terms
1.3 Standard usage vs. slang & slangy expressions
1.4 Standard usage vs. dialect
1.5 Archaism vs. neologism
1.6 Concrete nouns vs. abstract nouns
1.7 Static verbs vs. dynamic verbs
1.8 General adjectives vs. evaluative or emotive ones
1.9 Appreciative words vs. derogatory words
1.10 Denotative meaning vs. connotative meaning
1.11 Collocation vs. deviation
1.12 Word formation (morphology)
2. Grammatical/Syntactic Level
2.1 Sentence types & sentence complexity
2.2 Sentence length
2.3 Syntactic parallelism
2.4 Nominalization (nominality)
2.5 Other grammatical/syntactic features
3. Semantic Level
3.1 Information structure (thematic pattern)
3.2 Cohesion
Exercises
Unit VI Language Varieties
1. Introduction: Variety, Langue and Parole
2. Theoretical Aspects of Language Variation
3. Classification of Varieties of English
Further Reading
Exercises
Unit VII Medium-related Varieties
1. Discourse and Context
2. Medium-related Varieties
2.1 Auditory medium—spoken English
2.2 Visual medium—written English
2.3 Main differences between spoken English and written English
2.4 Channel limitation and linguistic explicitness
2.5 Spontaneity
2.6 Addresser-addressee interaction
2.7 Formality and informality to be explained in detail in Unit VIII, Attitude-related Varieties
2.8 Speech in fiction
3. Representing Speech and Thought
Exercises
Further Reading
Unit VIII Attitude-related Varieties
1. Addresser's Attitude
1.1 Addresser's attitude toward the addressee
1.2 Addresser's attitude towards the subject matter
1.3 Addresser's attitude towards the purpose of communication
2. Degrees of Formality
2.1 In phonology (graphology)
2.2 In lexis
2.3 In grammar
3. Degrees of Intelligibility (Accessibility)
Exercises
Further Reading
Unit IX Function-related Varieties Referential Function and the English of News Reporting
1. Language Functions
2. Classification of Functional Varieties
3. Publicist Style
4. The English of News Reporting
4.1 Brief news items
4.2 The headline
4.3 The editorial
5. Features of News Reporting
5.1 What makes a story newsworthy
5.2 Classification of newspaper: There are two ways of classifying newspaper
5.3 Stylistic features
Exercises
Unit X The English of Science and Technology
1. The Function(s) and Basic Requirements of EST
2. Main Stylistic Features
2.1 At the graphic/graphological level
2.2 At the lexical level
2.3 At the grammatical/syntactic level
2.4 At the semantic level
Exercises
Unit XI Conative (Evocative) Function and the Language of Public Address
1. Scope of Public Address
2. General Features of Public Address
3. Stylistic Features of Public Address
3.1 Grammatical Features
3.2 Lexical Features
3.3 Phonological Features
3.4 Semantic Features
Exercises
Further Reading
Unit XII The English of Advertising
1. Introduction
1.1 Advertising—a product of commercialism
1.2 Aim of advertising
1.3 Functions of the language of advertising
1.4 Human motives
1.5 People's attitude toward advertising
2. Classification
2.1 According to their mediums
2.2 According to their specific aims
2.3 According to their approaches
2.4 According to their target audience
2.5 According to their concrete ways of presentation
3. Components of A Print Advertisement
3.1 Text
3.2 Image
3.3 Organization
4. Stylistic Features of the Language of Advertising
4.1 At the phonetic/phonological level
4.2 At the graphic/graphological level
4.3 At the lexical level
4.4 At the grammatical/syntactic level
4.5 At the semantic level
Exercises
Unit XIII Directive Function and the English of Legal Documents
1. Directive Function
2. The Domain of Legal Discourse
3. Stylistic Features of the Language of Legal Documents
3.1 Prosodic features
3.2 At the graphic/graphological level
3.3 At the lexical level
3.4 At the syntactic level (syntactic features)
3.5 At the semantic level (discourse-level features)
Exercises
Further Reading
Unit XIV The English of Military Documents
1. General Features
2. The Layout
3. Use of Acronyms
4. Language
5. Diction
6. Semantically
Exercises
Further Reading
Unit XV Literature Related Varieties, the Language of Poetry
1. Is There a "Literary Language"?
1.1 The "literary language" issue
1.2 Probing "literary language"
2. Definition of a Literary Text
3. The Language of Poetry
3.1 Styles in a single poem: An exploration
3.2 Style in a single poem
Exercises
Further Reading
Unit XVI The Language of Fiction (A Case Study)
1. Narrative Stylistics
2. Short Story
2.1 Elements of the short story
2.2 Point of view
3. Sample Stylistic Analysis of a Short Story
Further Reading
[