SECTION 1 EMBRYOLOGY 1.1 Amphiboxia of Human Embryo at 16 Days 1.2 Differentiation and Somites into Myotomes， Sclerotomes， and Dermatomes 1.3 Progressive Stages in Formation of Vertebral Column， Dermatomes， and Myotomes; Mesenchymal Precartilage Model of Axial and Appendicular Skeletons at 5 Weeks 1.4 Fate of Body， Costal Process， and Neural Arch Components of Vertebral Column， with Sites and Time of Appearance of Ossification Centers 1.5 First and Second Cervical Vertebrae at Birth: Development of Sternal Ribs 1.6 Ossification Centers of Skull 1.7 Skeleton of Full-Term Newborn 1.8 Changes in Position of Limbs Before Birth: Precartilage Mesenchymal Cell Concentrations of Appendicular Skeleton at Weeks 1.9 Changes in Ventral Dermatome Pattern During Limb Rotation 1.10 Initial Bone Formation in Mesenchyme: Early Stages of Flat Bone Formation 1.11 Secondary Osseon (Haversian System) 1.12 Growth and Ossification of Long Bones 1.13 Growth in Width of a Bone and Osteon Remodeling 1.14 Remodeling: Maintenance of Basic Form and Proportions of Bone During Growth 1.15 Development of Appendicular Skeleton in Joints 1.16 Segmental Distribution of Myotomes in Fetus of 6 Weeks; Developing Skeletal Muscles at 8 Weeks 1.17 Development of Skeletal Muscle Fibers 1.18 Cross Sections of Body at 6 to 7 Weeks 1.19 Prenatal Development of Perineal Musculature 1.20 Origins and Innervations of Pharyngeal Arch and Somite Myotome Muscles 1.21 Development and Adjacent Myotome Muscles at Birth SECTION 2 PHYSIOLOGY 2.1 Microscopic Appearance of Skeletal Muscle Fibers 2.2 Organization of Skeletal Muscle 2.3 Intrinsic Blood and Nerve Supply of Skeletal Muscle 2.4 Composition and Structure of Myofilaments 2.5 Muscle Contraction and Relaxation 2.6 Biochemical Mechanics of Muscle Contraction 2.7 Sarcoplasmic Reticulum and Initiation of Muscle Contraction 2.8 Initiation of Muscle Contraction by Electric Impulse and Calcium Movement 2.9 Motor Unit 2.10 Structure of Neuromuscular Junction 2.11 Physiology of Neuromuscular Junction 2.12 Pharmacology of Neuromuscular Transmission 2.13 Physiology of Muscle Contraction 2.14 Energy Metabolism of Muscle 2.15 Muscle Fatigue 2.16 Growth Plate: Structure， Physiology， and Pathophysiology 2.17 Growth Plate: Structure， Physiology， and Pathophysiology (Continued) 2.18 Growth Plate: Structure and Blood Supply 2.19 Growth Plate: Peripheral Fibrocartilaginous Element 2.20 Chondrocytes and Bone Development 2.21 Bone Cells and Bone Deposition 2.22 Composition of Bone 2.23 Structure of Cortical (Compact) Bone
2.24 Structure of Trabecular Bone 2.25 Formation and Composition of Collagen 2.26 Formation and Composition of Proteoglycan 2.27 Structure and Function of Synovial Membrane 2.28 Histology of Connective Tissue 2.29 Bone Homeostasis: Dynamics 2.30 Calcium and Phosphate Metabolism 2.31 Effects of Bone Formation and Bone Resorption on Skeletal Mass 2.32 Two Mechanisms of Bone Mass Regulation 2.33 Normal Calcium and Phosphate Metabolism 2.34 Nutritional Calcium Deficiency 2.35 Effects of Disease and Stress (Weight Bearing) on Bone Mass 2.36 Musculoskeletal Effects of Weightlessness (Space Flight) 2.37 Bone Architecture and Remodeling in Relation to Stress 2.38 Stress-Generated Electric Potentials in Bone 2.39 Bone Remodeling 2.40 Age-Related Changes in Bone Geometry 2.41 Age-Related Changes in Bone Geometry (Continued) SECTION 3 METABOLIC DISEASES 3.1 Parathyroid Hormone 3.2 Primary Hyperparathyroidism: Pathophysiology 3.3 Primary Hyperparathyroidism: Clinical Manifestations 3.4 Differential Diagnosis of Hypercalcemic States 3.5 Hypoparathyroidism: Pathologic Physiology 3.6 Chronic Hypoparathyroidism: Clinical Manifestations 3.7 Hypocalcemia: Clinical Manifestations 3.8 Pseudohypoparathyroidism 3.9 Mechanism of Parathyroid Hormone Activity on End Organ 3.10 Mechanism of Parathyroid Hormone Activity on End Organ: Cyclic AMP Response to PTH 3.11 Clinical Guide to Parathyroid Hormone Assay 3.12 Clinical Guide to Parathyroid Hormone Assay (Continued) 3.13 Childhood Rickets 3.14 Adult Osteomalacia 3.15 Nutritional Deficiency: Rickets and Osteomalacia 3.16 Vitamin-D-Resistant Rickets and Osteomalacia Due to Proximal Renal Tubular Defects (Hypophosphatemic Rachitic Syndromes) 3.17 Vitamin-D-Resistant Rickets and Osteomalacia Due to Proximal and Distal Renal Tubular Defects 3.18 Vitamin-D-Dependent (Pseudodeficiency) Rickets and Osteomalacia 3.19 Vitamin-D-Resistant Rickets and Osteomalacia Due to Renal Tubular Acidosis 3.20 Metabolic Aberrations of Renal Osteodystrophy 3.21 Rickets， Osteomalacia， and Renal Osteodystrophy 3.22 Renal Osteodystrophy 3.23 Vascular and Soft Tissue Calcification in Secondary Hyperparathyroidism of Chronic Renal Disease 3.24 Clinical Guide to Vitamin D Measurement 3.25 Hypophosphatasia 3.26 Osteoporosis: Risk Factors 3.27 Osteoporosis: Involuntary 3.28 Osteoporosis: Clinical Manifestations 3.29 Osteoporosis: Pathophysiology of Bone Deformity 3.30 Radiology of Osteoporosis: Classification
3.31 Radiology of Osteoporosis: Imaging 3.32 Radiology of Osteopenic DXA 3.33 Transiliac Bone Biopsy 3.34 Treatment of Complications of Spinal Osteoporosis 3.35 Treatment of Osteoporosis Medications 3.36 Treatment of Osteoporosis: Functional Domains of Bisphosphonate Chemical Structure 3.37 Treatment of Osteoporosis: Inhibition of FPP Synthase 3.38 Treatment of Osteoporosis: SERMs 3.39 Osteogenesis Imperfecta Type III 3.40 Marfan Syndrome 3.41 Marfan Syndrome (Continued) 3.42 Ehlers-Danlos Syndromes 3.43 Ehlers-Danlos Syndromes (Continued) 3.44 Osteopetrosis (Albers-Schonberg Disease) 3.45 Paget Disease of Bone 3.46 Paget Disease of Bone (Continued) 3.47 Pathophysiology and Treatment of Paget Disease of Bone 3.48 Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva SECTION 4 CONGENITAL AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS Dwarfism 4.1 Achondroplasia: Clinical Manifestations 4.2 Achondroplasia: Clinical Manifestations (Continued) 4.3 Achondroplasia: Clinical Manifestations of Spine 4.4 Achondroplasia: Diagnostic Testing 4.5 Hypochondroplasia 4.6 Diastrophic Dwarfism 4.7 Pseudoachondroplasia 4.8 Metatropic Dysplasia 4.9 Mucopolysaccharidosis， McKusick Type 4.10 Chondrodysplasia Punctata 4.11 Chondroectodermal Dysplasia (Ellis-van Creveld Syndrome)， Grebe Chondrodysplasia， and Acromesomelic Dysplasia 4.12 Multiple Epiphyseal Dysplasia， Fairbank Type 4.13 Pyknodysostosis (Pyknodysostosis) 4.14 Spondyloepiphyseal Dysplasia Congenita 4.15 Spondyloepiphyseal Dysplasia Tarda and Spondyloepiphyseal Dysplasia Congenita 4.16 Spondyloepiphyseal Dysplasia and Dyggve-Melchior-Clausen Dysplasia 4.17 Kniest Dysplasia 4.18 Mucopolysaccharidoses 4.19 Principles of Treatment of Skeletal Dysplasias Neurofibromatosis 4.20 Diagnostic Criteria and Cutaneous Lesions in Neurofibromatosis 4.21 Cutaneous Lesions in Neurofibromatosis 4.22 Spinal Deformities in Neurofibromatosis 4.23 Bone Overgrowth and Erosion in Neurofibromatosis Other 4.24 Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita 4.25 Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva and Progressive Diaphyseal Dysplasia 4.26 Osteopetrosis and Osteopetreolosis 4.27 Melorheostosis 4.28 Congenital Absence of Scapula， Absence of Clavicle， and Cleidocranial Dysplasia
4.29 Madelung Deformity 4.30 Congenital Bowing of the Tibia 4.31 Congenital Pseudoarthrosis of the Tibia and Dislocation of the Knee Leg-Length Discrepancy 4.32 Clinical Manifestations 4.33 Evaluation of Leg-Length Discrepancy 4.34 Charts for Timing Growth Arrest and Determining Amount of Limb Lengthening to Achieve Limb-Length Equality 4.35 Growth Arrest 4.36 Ilizarov and De Bastiani Techniques for Limb Lengthening Congenital Limb Malformation 4.37 Growth Factors 4.38 Failure of Formation of Amelia 4.39 Failure of Formation of Parts: Transverse Arrest 4.40 Failure of Formation of Parts: Transverse Arrest (Continued) 4.41 Failure of Formation of Parts: Transverse Arrest (Continued) 4.42 Failure of Formation of Parts: Transverse Arrest (Continued) 4.43 Failure of Formation of Parts: Transverse Arrest (Continued) 4.44 Failure of Formation of Parts: Transverse Arrest (Continued) 4.45 Failure of Formation of Parts: Transverse Arrest (Continued) 4.46 Failure of Formation of Parts: Longitudinal Arrest 4.47 Failure of Formation of Parts: Longitudinal Arrest (Continued) 4.48 Failure of Formation of Parts: Longitudinal Arrest (Continued) 4.49 Failure of Formation of Parts: Longitudinal Arrest (Continued) 4.50 Duplication of Parts， Overgrowth， and Congenital Constriction Band Syndrome …… SECTION 5 RHEUMATIC DISEASES SECTION 6 TUMORS OF MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM SECTION 7 INJURY TO MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM SECTION 8 SOFT TISSUE INFECTIONS SECTION 9 FRACTURE COMPLICATION Selected References Index
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