Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 What is language 1.2 Design features of language 1.3 Functions of language 1.4 Origin of language 1.5 What is linguistics 1.6 Some important distinctions in linguistics Chapter 2 Phonetics 2.1 What is phonetics and what are speech organs 2.2 Phonetic transcription 2.3 Classification of English speech sounds Chapter 3 Phonology 3.1 Phonology and phonetics 3.2 Phone, phoneme and allophone 3.3 Phonemic contrast, complementary distribution and minimal pair 3.4 Some rules in phonology 3.5 Suprasegmental features Chapter 4 Morphology 4.1 What is word 4.2 Classification of words 4.3 What is morphology 4.4 What is morpheme 4.5 MorDholoaical rules Chapter 5 Syntax 5.1 What is syntax 5.2 The generative approach 5.3 Category 5.4 Phrase structure rule 5.5 Phrase elements 5.6 The S rule 5.7 Transformations Chapter 6 Semantics 6.1 What is semantics 6.2 How to define meaning 6.3 Lexical meaning 6.4 Sense relations between sentences 6.5 Analysis of meaning Chapter 7 Pragmatics 7.1 What is pragmatics 7.2 Basic concepts in pragmatics 7.3 Speech Act Theory 7.4 Theory of conversational implicature 7.5 Politeness Principle Chapter 8 Sociolinguistics 8.1 The scope of sociolinguistics 8.2 Varieties of language 8.3 Standard dialect 8.4 Pidgin and creole 8.5 Bilingualism and diglossia Chapter 9 Historical Linguistics
9.1 Introduction to historical linguistics 9.2 Language history 9.3 Language change 9.4 Historical comparative method 9.5 Why languaqe changes References
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