1 Introduction 1.1 Research background and significance 1.2 Research status 1.3 Research contents and technical roadmap 2 Rock microstructure and residual stress measurement principle 2.1 Fundamentals of crystallography 2.2 Principle of XRD stress measurement 2.3 Principles and methods of rock microstructure analysis 3 Microstructure characteristics of siliceous slate-containing quartz vein 3.1 Experimental scheme 3.2 Matrix mineral composition and fabric characteristics 3.3 Quartz vein mineral composition and fabric characteristics 3.4 Micro area plastic strain characteristics 3.5 Summary 4 Residual stress measurement of rock based on XRD 4.1 Sample preparation and test process 4.2 Data processing mode and optimization 4.3 Selection of test crystal plane 4.4 Determination of sample surface processing method 4.5 Summary 5 Residual stress characteristics of siliceous slate-containing quartz vein 5.1 Arrangement of measuring points 5.2 Residual stress measurement and analysis 5.3 Determination of residual stress 5.4 Summary 6 Rock splitting mechanical model considering residual stress 6.1 Loading model of rock without residual stress 6.2 Loading model of rock with residual stress 6.3 Effects of different parameters on rock stress distribution 6.4 Summary 7 Numerical simulation study on the influence of residual stress on rock failure characteristics 7.1 Numerical modeling process and experimental plan 7.2 Analysis of the influence of residual stress direction on rock failure characteristics 7.3 Analysis of the influence of stress inclusion location on rock failure characteristics 7.4 Discussion of different simulation schemes 7.5 Summary 8 Main conclusions References