Current Status 1 Current Situation and Existing Problems of the Ecological Envi-ronment in the Yangtze River Economic Belt 1.1 Current Situation of the Ecological Environment in the Yangtze River Economic Belt 1.1.1 Water Ecological Environment 1.1.2 Terrestrial Ecological Environment 1.1.3 Wetland Ecological Environment 1.1.4 Atmospheric Ecological Environment 1.2 Problems Existing in the Ecological Environment of the Yangtze River Economic Belt 1.2.1 Degradation of Ecological Functions 1.2.2 Decline in Biodiversity Maintenance Function 1.2.3 Severe Environmental Pollution 1.2.4 Potential Dangers of Drinking Water 1.2.5 Difficulty in Ecological Restoration 2 Practice and Achievements of Ecological Environmental Protec-tion in the Yangtze River Basin 2.1 The Practice of Ecological Environment Protection in the Yangtze River Basin 2.1.1 Protection of Aquatic Organisms—Biological Defense Battle 2.1.2 Territorial Space Control—To Keep Our Lands Pollution-Free 2.1.3 Sewage Outlet Treatment and Industrial Pollution Control—To Keep Our Waters Clear 2.1.4 Prevention and Control of Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution—To Keep Our Waters Clear 2.1.5 Prevention and Control of Air Pollution—To Keep Our Skies Blue 2.1.6 Ecological System Management and Protection—Supervision of Ecologi-cal Environment Protection 2.2 Achievements of Ecological Environment Protection in the Yangtze River Basin 2.2.1 Achievements of Ecosystem Restoration 2.2.2 Achievements of Environmental Quality Improvement 2.2.3 Achievements of Improving Resource Utilization Efficiency 2.2.4 Overall Achievement Evaluation 3 Index System and Methods of Ecological Health Assessment for the Yangtze River Basin 3.1 Principles for the Construction of Ecological Health Assessment Indicators for the Yangtze River Basin 3.1.1 Principle of Scientificity and Objectivity 3.1.2 Principle of Systematicness and Integrity 3.1.3 Principle of Dynamic Comparability 3.1.4 Principle of Operability 3.2 Influencing Factors and Evaluation Dimensions of Ecological Health of the Yangtze River Basin 3.2.1 Socio-Economic Factor 3.2.2 Resource Carrying Factor 3.2.3 Environmental Capacity Factor 3.2.4 Pollution Load Factor 3.2.5 Ecological Restoration Capability 3.2.6 Investment in Resource and Environment Management 3.3 Ecological Health Assessment Index System for the Yangtze River Basin 3.3.1 Preliminary Selection of Ecological Health Assessment Indexes for the Yangtze River Basin 3.3.2 Selection of Ecological Health Assessm 4.1 Data Source of Ecological Health Indexes Measurement for the Yangtze River Basin 4.1.1 Scope of Assessment Area 4.1.2 Data Source and Description 4.1.3 Data Processing 4.2 Ecological Health Indexes for the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River 4.2.1 Evaluation Ideas and Methods 4.2.2 Evaluation Process 4.2.3 Index Analysis 4.3 Ecological Health Indexes for the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River 4.3.1 Evaluation Ideas and Methods 4.3.2 Evaluation Process 4.3.3 Index Analysis 4.4 Ecological Health Indexes for the Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River 4.4.1 Evaluation Ideas and Methods 4.4.2 Evaluation Process 4.4.3 Index Analysis Restoration 5 Restoration of the Water Ecosystem 5.1 Water Resources Intensive Utilization 5.1.1 Water Allocation 5.1.2 The Strictest Water Resources Management 5.1.3 Water Saving Management 5.2 Water Pollution Control 5.2.1 Control of Point Source Pollution 5.2.2 Control of Non-point Source Pollution 5.3 Water Ecological Restoration 5.3.1 Ecological Restoration Projects 5.3.2 Protection of Aquatic Organisms 5.3.3 Flood Control and Soil Erosion Control 6 Prevention and Control of Atmospheric Pollution 6.1 Dual Carbon Goals and Carbon Emissions in the Yangtze River Economic Belt 6.1.1 Analysis of Peak Carbon Emissions in the Yangtze River Economic Belt 6.1.2 Analysis of Carbon Neutrality in the Yangtze River Economic Belt 6.2 Key Areas for Carbon Emission Reduction in the Yangtze River Economic Belt 6.2.1 Industrial Carbon Emission Reduction 6.2.2 Household Carbon Emission Reduction 6.2.3 Development of New and Clean Energy 7 Prevention and Control of Solid Waste Pollution 7.1 Industrial Waste Prevention and Control 7.1.1 Types and Characteristics of Industrial Waste in the Yangtze River Basin 7.1.2 Measures for Industrial Waste Disposal in the Yangtze River Basin 7.2 Domestic Waste Prevention and Control 7.2.1 Progress in Garbage Sorting in the Yangtze River Basin 7.2.2 Long-Term Measures for Garbage Classification in the Yangtze River Basin 7.3 Agricultural Waste Prevention and Control 7.3.1 Types and Characteristics of Agricultural Waste in the Yangtze River Basin 7.3.2 Disposal Measures for Agricultural Waste in the Yangtze River Basin Strategies 8 Innovations in Governance Mechanisms for Ecological Improve-ment in the Yangtze River Basin 8.1 Synergistic Governance Mechanisms for the Yangtze River Basin
8.1.1 Multi-Subject Collaborative Mechanism 8.1.2 Synergistic Mechanisms with Multiple Measures 8.1.3 Synergistic Mechanisms of Multiple Systems 8.2 Horizontal Ecological Compensation Mechanism in the Yangtze River Basin 8.2.1 Rationale and Necessity of Horizontal Ecological Compensation 8.2.2 Innovative Models of Horizontal Ecological Compensation 8.2.3 Market-Based Approaches to Horizontal Ecological Compensation 8.3 Realization Mechanism of Water Ecological Product Value in the Yangtze River Basin 8.3.1 Evaluation and Accounting of the Value of Ecological Products 8.3.2 Models and Approaches for the Realization of Ecological Product Value 8.3.3 Market Environment Support for Realizing the Value of Ecological Products 9 Policy Recommendations for Improving Ecological Health in the Yangtze River Basin 9.1 Striving for Green Development 9.1.1 Strictly Implementing the Negative List System 9.1.2 Conducting Evaluation and Recognition of Chemical Industrial Parks 9.1.3 Advocating the Application of Energy-Saving and Environmentally-Friendly Technologies and Equipment 9.2 In-depth Pollution Prevention and Control 9.2.1 Renovating Sewage Pipe Networks in Cities along the Yangtze River 9.2.2 Promoting the Remediation of Discharge Outlets 9.2.3 Preventing and Controlling Pollution from Non-point Sources 9.3 Continuously Carrying Out Ecological Restoration 9.3.1 Implementing a Holistic Approach to Protecting and Restoring Mountains，Rivers，Forests，Farmlands，Lakes，Grasslands and Deserts 9.3.2 Implementing the「10-Year Fishing Ban」in the Yangtze River 9.3.3 Advancing the Practice of Criminalizing Illegal Sand Mining 9.3.4 Crackdown on Illegal Activities that Damage the Ecological Environment in Accordance with the Law References
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