內容大鋼
本專著從局地到全球視角，進行小型水體的水環境評估。研究內容始於中國南方廣泛分佈的農業水塘。專著提出保育這種有著千年以上歷史，但是容易被忽略的小型濕地生態系統，存在多種技術和政策的挑戰，並給出相應的解決方案。接著，專著以長江下游茅山地區的局地低山丘陵小流域為例，先後採用針對性適配的HSPF水環境模型，從源碼層級改進的SWAT水環境模型，定量評估農業區域中多水塘-溝渠系統的氮素運移、水資源調蓄、洪水攔截效應；並進一步通過Matlab編程的線性混合效應模型，定量評估了多水塘-溝渠系統不同區域氮磷水質變化的內外因素構成。本專著以長江下游地區的橫山水庫為例，先後在流域降雨-產流數學模型的基礎上，採用三維計算幾何技術、WebGIS系統開發技術，研究了小型水庫水位快速上升的三維動態模擬，以及泄洪調度管理工具。最終，將小型水體的具體類型泛化至非泛濫平原濕地，將研究尺度提升至全球多個氣候帶，採用Meta分析等手段研究了全球尺度下這種小型水體的新興模式，提出了相關可持續利用的政府間合作機遇。
目錄
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Background
1.2 Organization of this book
References
Chapter 2 Challenges and Solutions for Conserving Farm Ponds in Southern China
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Farm ponds in southern China
2.3 Why are these small and scattered waters important?
2.3.1 Hydrological regulation and ecological cleanup
2.3.2 Biodiversity conservation
2.3.3 Socioeconomic benefits
2.4 What are the threats and management challenges?
2.4.1 Inadequate planning and regulations
2.4.2 Rural nonpoint and mini-point source pollution
2.4.3 Climate change
2.4.4 Invasive species
2.4.5 Management challenges
2.5 Policies and approaches for farm pond conservation
2.5.1 Public awareness building
2.5.2 Top-down regulations and bottom-up engagement
2.5.3 Sustainable management and utilization
2.5.4 Inventory mapping
2.5.5 loT-based collaborative monitoring
2.5.6 Numerical assessment tools
2.6 Conclusions
References
Chapter 3 Assessment of Nitrogen Pollution in a Pond-rich Agricultural Watershed
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Materials and methods
3.2.1 Study area and data collection
3.2.2 HSPF description and data pre-processing
3.2.3 Sensitivity analysis, calibration, and validation
3.2.4 Source attribution of N pollution
3.3 Results and discussion
3.3.1 Calibrated parameters and modeling performance
3.3.2 Spatiotemporal analysis and source attributions of N pollution
3.3.3 Comparisons with previous studies on N source attribution
3.3.4 Implications to headwater agricultural watersheds
3.4 Conclusions
References
Chapter 4 Quantifying the Hydrologic Regulation Effects of Agricultural Multi-pond Systems
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Materials and methods
4.2.1 Study area and data
4.2.2 The SWAT-MPS model
4.2.3 Model calibration and validation
4.2.4 Model output and hydrologic analysis
4.3 Results
4.3.1 Calibrated parameters and model performance
4.3.2 Pond water balance and MPS identification
4.3.3 MPS' regulation effect on streamflow, baseflow and quickflow
4.3.4 Catchment water balance and extreme hydrographs
4.4 Discussion
4.4.1 Multi-scale hydrologic regulation of MPSs
4.4.2 Implications for management
4.4.3 Improved model limitations and recommendations
4.5 Conclusions
References
Appendix
Chapter 5 Attributing Influencing Factors of Water Quality Variation in Multipond Systems
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Materials and methods
5.2.1 Study sites and geospatial data
5.2.2 Sample collection and analysis
5.2.3 Statistical analysis
5.3 Results
5.3.1 Spatial and seasonal patterns of water quality
5.3.2 Characteristics of extrinsic and intrinsic factors
5.3.3 Correlation between water quality and influencing factors
5.4 Discussion
5.4.1 Extrinsic environments vs. intrinsic characteristics
5.4.2 Spatial and seasonal variations of influencing factors
5.4.3 Implications for rural planning and pond management
5.5 Conclusions
References
Appendix
Chapter 6 Syndicating Multi-source Data for Inundation Extent Analysis of Small Reservoirs
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Methodology
6.2.1 Study area and materials
6.2.2 Integrating bathymetry with surrounding topography
6.2.3 Integrating natural terrain with a 3D dam model
6.2.4 Reservoir inundation extent analysis
6.3 Results
6.3.1 An integrated reservoir terrain model
6.3.2 Reservoir inundation extent estimation
6.3.3 A comparison between the stage-storage curves
6.4 Discussion
6.5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 7 Developing a WebGIS-based Flood Control Management System for Small Reservoirs
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Methodology
7.2.1 Study area and materials
7.2.2 Adopting agile methods to involve different participants
7.2.3 System architecture design
7.2.4 Development of the flood level forecasting model
7.2.5 Development of reservoir maps
7.3 Results and discussion
7.3.1 Model parameter acquisition and verification
7.3.2 Application to flood control management
7.3.3 Discussion
7.4 Conclusions
References
Chapter 8 Developing an Integrated 2D & 3D WebGIS Platform for Scattered Points of Interest
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Study area
8.3 Methodology
8.3.1 Requirement analysis
8.3.2 Architecture design
8.3.3 Modules design
8.3.4 Algorithms for 2D and 3D dynamic display
8.4 Results and discussion
8.4.1 Landslide multi-level management
8.4.2 Landslide emergency response
8.4.3 Prevention information for public access
8.4.4 Discussion
8.5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 9 Exploring Global Collaboration Opportunities for Non-floodplain Wetland Conservation
9.1 Introduction
9.2 NFWs have been widely studied with strong North America biases
9.3 Emerging research patterns across representative NFW regions
9.4 New opportunities for global coordinated management efforts
9.5 Connecting the disconnected
References
Appendix
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