Chapter 1 Introduction for Cardiovascular Disease and Stent 1.1 Coronary artery disease 1.2 What is a stent 1.3 Aim and objectives Chapter 2 Review for Stent Technology 2.1 Development of stents 2.1.1 Bare metal stents (BMSs) 2.1.2 Drug-eluting stents (DESs) 2.1.3 Bioresorbable stents (BRSs) 2.1.4 Conclusion 2.2 Materials for bioresorbable stents 2.2.1 Corrodible metallic alloys 2.2.2 Biodegradable polymers 2.2.3 Conclusion 2.3 Arteries and atherosclerotic plaques 2.3.1 Histological structures 2.3.2 Mechanical behaviour 2.3.3 Conclusion 2.4 Experimental studies on stents 2.4.1 Mechanical behaviour studies 2.4.2 Degradation behaviour studies 2.4.3 In vivo efficacy studies of polymeric stents 2.4.4 Conclusion 2.5 Computational work 2.5.1 Stent expansion modelling 2.5.2 Effects of stent designs 2.5.3 Methods for modelling stent expansion 2.5.4 Modelling of stent fatigue behaviour 2.5.5 Stent degradation modelling 2.5.6 Conclusion 2.6 Research gaps 2.7 Conclusions Chapter 3 Methodology for Finite Element Simulation 3.1 Finite element models 3.1.1 Stent models 3.1.2 Tri-folded balloon model 3.1.3 Three-layered artery and plaque model 3.2 Material constitutive models 3.2.1 Constitutive models for stent and balloon 3.2.2 Constitutive models for plaque and artery 3.3 Finite element simulation setup 3.3.1 Simulation procedures 3.3.2 Post-processing of simulation results 3.4 Mesh sensitivity study 3.4.1 Stent mesh sensitivity 3.4.2 Plaque-artery mesh sensitivity 3.5 Conclusions Chapter 4 Finite Element Modelling of Crimpingand Expansion of Bioresorbable Polymeric Stents 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Methodology
4.2.1 Finite element models and material models 4.2.2 Stent crimping procedure 4.2.3 Stent expansion procedure 4.2.4 Evaluation of the radial stiffness and strengthfor stent 4.3 Results and discussions 4.3.1 Stent crimping 4.3.2 Stent expansion 4.3.3 Residual stresses caused by crimping 4.3.4 Radial stiffness and strength 4.4 Conclusions Chapter 5 Deployment of Bioresorbable Polymeric Stents in Stenotic Artery 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Methodology 5.2.1 Finite element models and material constitutive models 5.2.2 Crimping and expansion of stent in plaque-artery 5.3 Results 5.3.1 Stent expansion 5.3.2 Stress variation on the plaque/artery 5.3.3 Residual stress caused by crimping 5.4 Discussions 5.5 Conclusions Chapter 6 Fatigue Behaviour of Bioresorbable 6.1 Polymeric Stent 6.2 Introduction 6.3 Methodology 6.2.1 FE models and constitutive models for stentand artery 6.2.2 Simulation setup 6.3 Results 6.3.1 Stress/strain analysis 6.3.2 Fatigue analysis 6.4 Discussions 6.5 Conclusions Chapter 7Stent-Artery Interaction During Degradation and Vessel Remodelling 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Calibration of stress-strain curves duringdegradation 7.2.1 Radial strength and stiffness of stent 7.2.2 Calibration of stress-strain curves for PLLA during the degradation 7.3 Modelling of stent-artery interaction duringdegradation 7.4 Modelling of stent-artery interaction duringvessel remodelling 7.5 Results 7.5.1 PLLA stress-strain behaviour over degradation 7.5.2 Stress variation on the stent over degradation 7.5.3 Stress variation in the plaque-artery systemover degradation 7.5.4 Effects of vessel remodelling 7.6 Discussions 7.7 Conclusions Chapter 8 Poly (Lactic-Acid) and Poly (Butylene Succinate) Blends for Stent Application-Testing and Modelling 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Methodology 8.2.1 Raw materials
8.2.2 Preparation of PLA/PBS blends and specimens 8.2.3 Characterization of PLA/PBS blends 8.2.4 Mechanical testing 8.2.5 Finite element modelling 8.3 Results and Discussions 8.3.1 DSC analysis 8.3.2 Optical microscopy analysis 8.3.3 Mechanical properties of PLA/PBS blends 8.3.4 Rate dependent behaviour 8.3.5 Effect of loading rate on stent behaviour 8.4 Conclusions Chapter 9 Conclusions and Further Work 9.1 General conclusions 9.2 Summary of key achievements 9.3 Further work 9.3.1 Experimental work 9.3.2 Modelling work References
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