Introduction The Three Basic Ways of State Governance Chapter I Why Did Modern Rule of Law Not Emerge in China First Section I China Already Had the Social Gene for Modern Rule of Law in the Late Ming and Early Qing Period Section Ⅱ The Powerful Feudal Autocracy and the Perfected Governance System Killed Modern Rule of Law at Birth Section III Natural Economy and the Policy of 「Emphasizing Agriculture Restraining Com merce"Suppressed the Growth of Capitalism Chapter II How Did Rule of Law Begin in China Section I The Historic Context of Western Legal Culture's Introduction to China Section Ⅱ Different Traditions of Legal Culture in China and the West Section Ⅲ Rule of Law E m braced Socialism in China Chapter III Why Did China Choose Rule of Law Section I Debate over Rule of Law and Rule of Man After 1949 Section Ⅱ Basic Motivations Behind the Party's Choice of Rule of Law Section III Major Arrangements for the Path to Socialist Rule of Law with Chinese Characteristics Section Ⅳ Key Factors Determining Success or Failure of Rule of Law in China Section V Criteria for Measuring the Success of Building Rule of Law Chapter IV How Does China's Path to Rule of Law Differ from the West's Section I What Is the Relationship Between Leadership by the Party and Rule of Law Section II The CPC's View on Fairness and Justice Section III The CPC's View on Power Section Ⅳ How Concepts of Human Rights Differ Between China and the West Afterword China's Path of Rule of Law in the Period of Social Transformation