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材料科學導論(雙語普通高等教育十三五規劃教材)

  • 作者:編者:傅小明//蔣萍
  • 出版社:南京大學
  • ISBN:9787305193620
  • 出版日期:2018/02/01
  • 裝幀:平裝
  • 頁數:240
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內容大鋼
    傅小明、蔣萍主編的《材料科學導論(雙語普通高等教育十三五規劃教材)》內容全面、圖文並茂、深度適宜,兼顧系統性和實用性,突出知識點和技術點的關係,系統性地介紹了材料科學的基礎知識,形成了基本的知識架構,作為學生的基礎課教材使用,符合複合型和應用型人才培養目標和學生的特點。

作者介紹
編者:傅小明//蔣萍

目錄
Chapter 1  Introduction
  1.1  Historical Perspective
  1.2  Materials
  1.3  Classification of Materials
  1.3.1  Metals
  1.3.2  Ceramics
  1.3.3  Polymers
  1.3.4  Composites
  1.3.5  Advanced Materials
  1.3.5.1  Semiconductors
  1.3.5.2  Biomaterials
  1.3.5.3  Smart Materials
  1.3.5.4  Nanoengineered Materials
  1.4  Structural Characteristic of Materials
  1.4.1  Crystal Lattice
  1.4.2  Crystallographic Indices
  1.4.3  Anisotropy
  1.5  Materials Properties
  1.5.1  Physical and Chemical Properties of Materials
  1.5.2  Mechanical Properties of Materials
  1.6  Materials Science
  1.7  Modern Materials' Needs
Part I  Foundation of Phase Change of Materials
  Chapter 2  Phase Diagrams
    2.1  Introduction
    2.2  Definitions and Basic Concepts
    2.3  Solubility Limit
    2.4  Phases
    2.5  Phase Equilibrium
    2.6  Equilibrium Phase Diagrams
    2.7  Interpretation of Phase Diagrams
    2.7.1  Phases Present
    2.7.2  Determination of Phase Compositions
    2.7.3  Determination of Phase Amounts
    2.7.4  Binary Eutectic Systems
    2.7.5  Gibbs Phase Rule
    2.7.6  Iron-Iron Carbide Phase Diagram
  Chapter 3  Solidification and Crystallization
    3.1  Introduction
    3.2  Solidification of Metals
    3.2.1  Formation of Stable Nuclei in Liquid Metals
    3.2.2  Homogeneous Nucleation
    3.2.3  Critical Radius and Undercooling
    3.2.4  Heterogeneous Nucleation
    3.3  Growth of Crystals
    3.3.1  Growth of Crystals in Liquid Metal and Formation of a Grain Structure
    3.3.2  Solidification of Single Crystals
    3.3.3  Metallic Solid Solutions
    3.3.3.1  Substitutional Solid Solutions
    3.3.3.2  Interstitial Solid Solutions

  Chapter 4  Phase Transformation
    4.1  Introduction
    4.2  Phase Transformation
    4.2.1  Kinetics of Solid-State Reaction
    4.2.2  Multiphase Transformations
    4.3  Microstructural and Property Changes in Iron-Carbon Alloys
    4.3.1  Isothermal Transformation Diagrams
    4.3.2  Continuous Cooling Transformation Diagram
Part II  Foundation of Material Structures
  Chapter 5  Crystal Structure
    5.1  Introduction
    5.2  Fundamental Concepts
    5.2.1  Space Lattice and Unit Cells
    5.2.2  Crystal Systems and Bravais Lattice
    5.2.3  Crystallographic Directions and Miller Indies
    5.2.3.1  Atom Positions in Unit Cells
    5.2.3.2  Directions in Cubic Unit Cells
    5.2.3.3  Miller Indices for Crystallographic Planes in Cubic Unit Cells
    5.2.3.4  Crystallographic Planes and Directions in Hexagonal Unit Cells
    5.3  Principal Metallic Crystal Structures
    5.3.1  Body-Centered Cubic (BCC) Crystal Structure
    5.3.2  Face-Centered Cubic (FCC) Crystal Structure
    5.3.3  Hexagonal Close-Packed (HCP) Crystal Structure
    5.3.4  Comparison of FCC, HCP and BCC Crystal Structures
    5.3.4.1  FCC and HCP
    5.3.4.2  BCC
    5.3.5  Volume, Planar and Linear Density Unit-CeU Calculations
    5.3.5.1  Volume Density
    5.3.5.2  Planar Atomic Density
    5.3.5.3  Linear Atomic Density
    5.3.6  Polymorphism or Allotropy
  Chapter 6  Defect Structure
    6.1  Introduction
    6.2  Point Defects
    6.2.1  Point Defects in Metals
    6.2.2  Point Defects in Ceramics
    6.2.3  Impurities in Solids
    6.2.3.1  Impurities in Metals
    6.2.3.2  Solid Solutions
    6.2.3.3  Impurities in Ceramics
    6.2.4  Point Defects in Polymers
    6.2.5  Specification of Composition
    6.3  Miscellaneous Imperfections
    6.3.1  Dislocations-Linear Defects
    6.3.2  Interfacial Defects
    6.3.2.1  External Surfaces
    6.3.2.2  Grain Boundaries
    6.3.2.3  Twin Boundaries
    6.3.2.4  Miscellaneous Interfacial Defects
    6.3.3  Bulk or Volume Defects

    6.3.4  Atomic Vibrations
  Chapter 7  Structure of Bulk Phase
    7.1  Introduction
    7.2  Single Crystals
    7.3  Polycrystalline Materials
    7.4  Noncrystalline Solids
    7.5  Quasicrystals
Part III  Foundation of Material Properties
  Chapter 8  Mechanical Properties of Materials
    8.1  Introduction
    8.2  Concepts of Stress and Strain
    8.2.1  Tension Tests
    8.2.2  Compression Tests
    8.2.3  Shear and Torsional Tests
    8.2.4  Geometric Considerations of the Stress State
    8.3  Elastic Deformation
    8.3.1  Stress-Strain Behavior
    8.3.2  Anelasticity
    8.3.3  Elastic Properties of Materials
    8.4  Machanical Behavior of Matals
    8.4.1  Tensile Properties
    8.4.1.1  Yielding and Yield Strength
    8.4.1.2  Tensile Strength
    8.4.1.3  Ductility
    8.4.1.4  Resilience
    8.4.1.5  Toughness
    8.4.2  True Stress and Strain
    8.4.3  Elastic Recovery during Plastic Deformation
    8.4.4  Compressive, Shear and Torsional Deformation
    8.5  Machanical Behavior-Ceramics
    8.5.1  Flexural Strength
    8.5.2  Elastic Behavior
    8.6  Mechanical Behavior of Polymers
    8.6.1  Stress-Strain Behavior
    8.6.2  Macroscopic Deformation
    8.7  Hardness and Other Mechanical Property Considerations
    8.7.1  Hardness
    8.7.2  Rockwell Hardness Tests
    8.7.3  Brinell Hardness Tests
    8.7.4  Knoop and Vickers Microhardness Tests
    8.7.5  Hardness Conversion
    8.7.6  Correlation between Hardness and Tensile Strength
    8.7.7  Hardness of Ceramic Materials
    8.7.8  Tear Strength and Hardness of Polymers
    8.8  Property Variability and Design/Safety Factors
    8.8.1  Variability of Material Properties
    8.8.2  Design/Safety Factors
  Chapter 9  Physical Properties of Materials
    9.1  Introduction
    9.2  Electrical Properties of Materials

    9.2.1  Metals and Alloys
    9.2.2  Semiconductors
    9.2.2.1  Intrinsic Semiconductors
    9.2.2.2  Extrinsic Semiconductors
    9.2.2.3  Compound Semiconductors
    9.2.3  Ionic Ceramics and Polymers
    9.3  Thermal Properties of Materials
    9.3.1  Heat Capacity
    9.3.2  Thermal Expansion
    9.3.2.1  Metals
    9.3.2.2  Ceramics
    9.3.2.3  Polymers
    9.3.3  Thermal Conductivity
    9.3.4  Thermal Stresses
    9.3.4.1  Stresses Resulting from Restrained Thermal Expansion and Contraction
    9.3.4.2  Stresses Resulting from Temperature Gradients
    9.3.4.3  Thermal Shock of Brittle Materials
    9.4  Magnetic Properties of Materials
    9.4.1  Diamagnetism, Paramagnetism and Ferromagnetism
    9.4.2  Antiferromagnetism and Ferrimagnetism
    9.4.2.1  Antiferromagnetism
    9.4.2.2  Ferrimagnetism
    9.4.3  The Influence of Temperature on Magnetic Behavior
    9.4.4  Domains, Hysteresis and Magnetic Anisotropy
    9.4.5  Superconductivity
    9.5  Optical Properties of Materials
    9.5.1  Interaction of Light with Matter
    9.5.2  Atomic and Electronic Interactions
    9.5.2.1  Electronic Polarization
    9.5.2.2  Electron Transitions
    9.5.2.3  Optical Properties of Metals
    9.5.2.4  Optical Properties of Nonmetals
    9.5.3  Refraction, Reflection, Absorption and Transmission
    9.5.4  Opacity and Translucency in Insulators
    9.5.5  Applications of Optical Phenomena
    9.5.5.1  Luminescence
    9.5.5.2  Photoconductivity
  Chapter 10  Chemical Properties of Materials
    10.1  Introduction
    10.2  Corrosion of Metals
    10.2.1  Cost of Corrosion in Industry
    10.2.2  Classification of Corrosion
    10.2.3  Corrosion Mechanism
    10.2.4  Electrochemical Considerations
    10.2.5  Corrosion Rates
    10.2.6  Passivity
    10.2.7  Environmental Effects
    10.2.8  Forms of Corrosion
    10.2.9  Corrosion Environments
    10.2.10  Corrosion Prevention

    10.3  Corrosion of Ceramic Materials
    10.4  Degradation of Polymers
    10.4.1  Swelling and Dissolution
    10.4.2  Bond Rupture
    10.4.3  Weathering
Main References

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