Section I Structure and Function of Biomolecules Chapter I Structure and Function of Protein L-a-AMINO ACIDS: STRUCTURE CLASSIFICATION Nonpolar Amino Acids Acidic Amino Acids Basic Amino Acids Neutral Amino Acids ELECTROLYTE AND ACID-BASE PROPERTIES THREE-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE OF PROTEINS AND DISORDERS OF PROTEIN MISFOLDING COVALENT AND COORDINATE COVALENT BONDS IN PROTEIN STRUCTURE NONCOVALENT INTERACTIONS IN PROTEIN STRUCTURE Attractive Forces Repulsive Forces PRIMARY STRUCTURE Peptide Bond SECONDARY STRUCTURE α-Helix β-Pleated Sheet β-Turns Random Coil Other Types of Secondary Structures Motifs and Domain TERTIARY STRUCTURE QUATERNARY STRUCTURE DENATURATION CONVERSION OF PRECURSOR PROTEINS TO ACTIVE PROTEINS BY PROTEOLYSIS PROTEIN FOI,DING AND INTRACEI.I.III,AR DEGRADATION OF MISFOLDED AND DEFECTIVE PROTEINS AUTOPHAGY Proteolysis (Protein Degradation) by ATP-Dependent Ubiquitin-Proteasome Complex Components and the Properties of the Ubiquitin-Proteasome System PROTEIN MISFOLDING AND FIBRILLOGENIC DISEASES Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies Alzheimer's Disease Chapter 2 Structure and Function of Nucleic Acids STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF DNA Discovery of DNA as the Genetic Material Components of DNA Base Pairing of Bases in DNA Double Helixes Phosphodiester Backbone of DNA Modifications of DNA Bases Physical and Chemical Structure of DNA Conformational Changes of the DNA Double Helix DNA Supercoils Denaturation of DNA Renaturation of DNA CHROMOSOMES AND CHROMATIN Repetitive DNA Sequences
Restriction Enzymes Nucleic Acid Hybridization STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF RNA Messenger RNA Transfer RNA (tRNA) Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) Other Noncoding RNAs Chapter 3 Enzymes NOMENCLATURE CATALYSIS Specificity of Enzyme Catalysis ACTIVE SITE AND ENZYME-SUBSTRATE COMPLEX Factors Governing the Rate of Enzyme-Catalyzed Reactions MICHAELIS-MENTEN MODEL FOR ENZYME-CATALYZED REACTIONS Linear Plots for Michaelis-Menten Kinetic Behavior INHIBITION Reversible Inhibition Reversible Inhibition: Examples in Single-Substrate Reactions Reversible Inhibition by Reaction Products Reversible Inhibition by Metal Ion Substitution IRREVERSIBLE INHIBITION …… Section II Substance Metabolism Section III Transmit of genetic information Section IV Special Topics
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